Rothbard - Passio Dictionary
Murray Rothbard |
Jeff Valien |
---|---|
aggression - defined intensionsally as the non-consensual initiation of interpersonal force or threat of it |
transgression - defined extensionsally as 1) murder, 2) assault, 3) rape, 4) theft, 5) trespass, and 6) coercion. Note: Wrongdoing, violence, causation of harm, and violation of consent are used interchangeably with transgression. |
violence - the use of interpersonal force
Note: Violence is morally neutral. It might be used justly in self-defense or unjustly in aggression. |
There is no Passiotist term for use of interpersonal force in an objective (morally neutral) sense. |
coercion - the use of interpersonal force (violence) or the threat of it
Note: Coercion is morally neutral. It might be used justly e.g. to recover stolen property, or unjustly to extort money. |
There is no Passiotist term for use or threat of interpersonal force in an objective (morally neutral) sense. |
Rothbardians would use the term "aggression" as defined above. | violence - a direct physical transgression, i.e. all transgressions except coercion
Note: Often spelled "VIOlence" in Passiotist literature. |
Rothbardians would use "threat of aggression." | coercion - an indirect physical transgression, i.e. a threat of murder, assault, rape, or theft without the act. |
right (noun) - a moral claim to freedom of action
Note: This is a high-level intensional definition, not specifying all possible rights. |
right (noun) - any action which is not a transgression
Note: This lacks any claim that one should respect rights, however this is the unstated ethical assumption. |
right (adj) - a positive moral evaluation of an action | right (adj) - describes an action which is not a transgression
Note: This Passiotist definition is different from the Rothbardian one, since it includes morally suspect self-harming behaviors. To a Passiotist, blinding oneself is right; to a Rothbardian it is not. |
wrong (adj) - a negative moral evaluation of an action | wrong (adj) - describes an action which is a transgression
Note: Rothbardians would use the term "criminal" and call transgressions "crime." |
good (adj) - a positive moral evaluation of an action | good (adj) - in consonance with one’s personal preferences
Note: To Passiotists, good has nothing to do with morality. |
bad (adj) - a negative moral evaluation of an action | bad (adj) - not in consonance with one’s personal preferences
Note: To Passiotists, bad has nothing to do with morality. |
moral relativism - 1. denial that some moral principles are universal to humans 2. the assertion that some moral principles depend on culture
Note: Rothbardians tend to be anti-relativist in the first sense, but relativist in the second sense. |
moral relativism - denial that one morality applies to all people
Note: Passiotists tend to deny that different cultures might have e.g. different property definitions or ages of consent. |